The Hidden Line
A line runs behind a band and comes out the other side. Three lines come out; only one is it.
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A line runs behind a band and comes out the other side. Three lines come out; only one is it.
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Where a line meets an edge
The line comes out as B. Where a slanting line meets the edge of the band it makes a sharp angle, and sharp angles tend to be seen as a little wider than they are; that nudges the direction you expect the line to keep, so you look for it in the wrong place on the other side.
Johann Christian Poggendorff described it in 1860, after noticing the effect in a figure Friedrich Zöllner sent him. It is still debated exactly why it happens — the band hides the one stretch of line that would settle the question.